Pathogens- Pathogens are an infectious microorganism, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus etc. There are several means by which these pathogens invade human body, mutate their-self and infect the human body with disease such as, Swine flu, COVID-19 etc. Due to the favorable condition of Centralized Indoor Environment (Temp, RH), pathogens are one of the dangerous threat for human body which is present in the air.
Particulate Matter Particulate matter (also referred to as PM or particle pollution) is a complex mixture of solid and/or liquid particles suspended in air. These particles can vary in size, shape and composition.
Exposure to inhalable particles can affect both our lungs and our heart. Small particles (less than 10 micrometers in diameter) can get deep into our lungs, and some may even get into our bloodstream. People with heart or lung diseases such as coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), children and older adults may be at greater risk from PM exposure. Scientific studies have linked PM exposure to a variety of health impacts, including:
VOCs VOCs include a range of evaporated substances, including formaldehyde, which can be emitted by building materials and furnishings (such as furniture and carpets), gasoline from the garage, pesticides, and even cooking processes (the great scent of bread baking and the pungent smell of frying onions). VOCs include body odors, too. Many of these are just nuisances, but some, like formaldehyde, threaten health, sometimes at concentrations too low to be sensed.
Odour A strong and objectionable smell in the work area which comes from specific or unknown sources.. Sources of odors in office environments could include vehicle exhaust brought in via the building ventilation system, smoke from a fire, leaking heating radiators, indoor or nearby outdoor construction activities, smoking near building air intakes, mold growth from water leaks inside walls or pooling water Odors in chemical and biological research laboratories and laboratory buildings can come from spills of chemicals, improper disposal of chemicals in drains or trash cans, chemical hoods not functioning properly, or contaminated gloves improperly discarded.